Compact print method for objects of class "t_test".
Shows a one-line summary per variable with test statistic, p-value,
effect size, and sample size.
For the full detailed output, use summary().
Usage
# S3 method for class 't_test'
print(x, digits = 3, ...)Arguments
- x
An object of class
"t_test"returned byt_test.- digits
Number of decimal places to display. Default is
3.- ...
Additional arguments (not used).
Examples
result <- t_test(survey_data, life_satisfaction, group = gender)
result # compact one-line overview
#> t-Test: life_satisfaction by gender
#> t(2384.1) = -1.018, p = 0.309, g = -0.041 (negligible), N = 2421
#> Use summary() for detailed output.
summary(result) # full detailed output
#> t-Test Results
#> --------------
#>
#> - Grouping variable: gender
#> - Groups compared: Male vs. Female
#> - Confidence level: 95.0%
#> - Alternative hypothesis: two.sided
#> - Null hypothesis (mu): 0.000
#>
#> --- life_satisfaction ---
#>
#> Group Statistics:
#> ----------------------------------------------------
#> gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
#> ----------------------------------------------------
#> Male 1149 3.603 1.165 0.034
#> Female 1272 3.651 1.142 0.032
#> ----------------------------------------------------
#>
#> Independent Samples Test:
#> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#> t df p Mean Diff. SE Diff. 95% CI Lower 95% CI Upper
#> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#> Equal variances assumed -1.019 2419 .308 -0.048 0.047 -0.140 0.044
#> Equal variances not assumed -1.018 2384.147 .309 -0.048 0.047 -0.140 0.044
#> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#>
#> Effect Sizes:
#> -----------------------------------------------------------------
#> Variable Cohen's d Hedges' g Glass' Delta Magnitude
#> -----------------------------------------------------------------
#> life_satisfaction -0.041 -0.041 -0.041 negligible
#> -----------------------------------------------------------------
#>
#> Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05
#>
#> Effect Size Interpretation:
#> - Cohen's d: pooled standard deviation (classic)
#> - Hedges' g: bias-corrected Cohen's d (preferred)
#> - Glass' Delta: control group standard deviation only
#> - Small effect: |effect| ~ 0.2
#> - Medium effect: |effect| ~ 0.5
#> - Large effect: |effect| ~ 0.8